What are the implications of progressive taxation on income inequality and democracy?

Topic: Does conservatism enhance democracy or does it take away from common citizens in modern politics? To what extent do tax cuts for the wealthy contribute to income inequality and harm common citizens? What are the implications of progressive taxation on income inequality and democracy?
Argument: My argument for this paper is that conservatism does not enhance democracy and that it takes away from common citizens in modern politics. Also that conservatism only promotes tax cuts for the wealthy since they believe that it is good for the economy, but I want to argue that conservatism is not good and that tax cuts for the wealthy are harming common citizens in the lower and middle class.

 

I have attached a PDF file of everything that is needed for the paper. The PDF file includes my argument, significance of the question, and potential objections to the argument. Also, there are several quotes in the PDF file that need to be used in the paper. So please use them. Also, there are two links to websites that need to be used in the paper to support the argument that I am making. The bolded part in the PDF is the important thing in my argument and important for the paper. But please make a decent paper.
William Graham Sumner: opposing side of the argument (conservatism is good)
Abraham Lincoln: supports the argument (conservatism is bad)
Franklin Delano Roosevelt: supports the argument (conservatism is bad)
Herbert Hoover: opposing side of the argument (conservatism is good)
Michael J. Sandel: states the definition of liberalism
Please also use the websites stated in the PDF. They are also included here.
The New York Times
I.M.F. Counsels Caution on Tax Cuts for Wealthy (Swanson and Tankersley)
 

When writing the paper, make sure to acknowlege the opposing side to the argument (state the objections that I have listed in the paper).